Philip raised their taxes and tried to wipe out all of the Protestants while most of the Dutch were Protestant. The area known as the Netherlands was actually a collection of different provinces that had been first united under the Duchy of Burgundy, a powerful entity during the Middle Ages. The war lasted for forty years with varied fortunes. William was the leader of the Dutch revolt against ruling King Philip II of Spain, a struggle that set off the Eighty Years' War and that resulted in the independence of the United Provinces of The Netherlands in 1648. What steps did the Austrian Hapsburg take toward becoming absolute monarchs? Berkeley and a Masters degree from the University of Oxford. Answer from: Dragonskeld. Weakened Habsburg Austria and Spain, strengthened France with Cardinal Richelieu hopping on Protestant side at right time, made German princes independent of the Holy Roman emperor, ended religious wars of Europe (for a while), introduced new method of negotiating peace, established modern more equal state system of Europe. The appearence of a great army under Spanish command in the Netherlands changed the international situation enormously. First, he wanted to return all Protestants to the Catholic faith. In 1574 only about twenty towns, with a combined population of 75,000, remained faithful to William of Orange; Amsterdam, the largest town in Holland, stayed loyal to the king until 1578. 2. Opposition, which centered at first in the privileged classes, soon spread downward. On July 15, 1572 the northern provinces of Holland and Zeeland acknowledged William of Orange as their Stadtholder and a government was established in Delft. This is a major new English-language edition of five central texts in the history of the political thought of the Dutch Revolt. How does a constitutional monarchy differ from an absolute monarchy. He holds Bachelor's degrees in English and history from U.C. The eventual outcome of the Dutch Revolt actually was decided in 1609 when the combatants agreed to the Twelve Years Truce, however, the war between the Provinces of the Netherlands (Dutch Republic) and the Kingdom of Spain did not officially end … Long disregarded as ephemera or cheap print, broadsheets emerge as both a crucial communication medium and an essential underpinning of the economics of the publishing industry. This collection investigates the culture and history of the Low Countries in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries from both international and interdisciplinary perspectives. Spain was hampered by the fact that it was waging war on multiple fronts simultaneously. From 1566 to 1585, the Dutch fought a revolt against King Philip II of Spain that eventually resulted in the newly independent nation of the Netherlands. This book: tells the story of the Eighty Years War and its aftermath, including the three Anglo-Dutch Wars and the Guerre de Hollande (1570-1680). explores the interrelation between war, economy and society, explaining how the Dutch could ... The Holy Roman Empire and Spain (which were both ruled by the... See full answer below. When Calvinism spread over the Low Countries he introduced the Inquisition and tried to root it out. Describe his work. See Answer. He turned the Netherlands more firmly against Spain than ever by introducing the Inquisition and sending the Duke of Alva with a large army into Holland, where they carried out terrible massacres. Which statement best describes the Portuguese involvement involvement in the Indian Ocean Trade System? He ruled for Louis XIII and moved to weaken the Huguenots and Nobles and increase the power of middle class government agents. 1566-68: Dutch Rebelling and sheltering rebels (Sea Beggars)/Genoese Loan. The reasons for the revolt were threefold. ... Filipinos fought on the side of Spain against the Dutch and British; The Dutch revolted and to punish Spain, Philip executed 1,500 Protestants. 5. The Dutch establishment in the Caribbean. Russia could compete economically with western Europe by increasing trade. How were the Dutch different from most other European nations? Our website uses cookies. The revolt quickly spread throughout the north. SHOW ANSWER. Even though the Low Countries played the key role, militarily and financially, in bringing the long Habsburg war against France to a triumphant close in 1559, it seemed to the Netherlanders that the benefits went to Spain while the burdens were left to them. Spain - Spain - The French invasion and the War of Independence, 1808–14: Joseph could count on the support of cautious, legalistic administrators and soldiers, those who believed resistance to French power impossible, and those who considered that Napoleon might “regenerate” Spain by modern reforms. If you know anything about the Gunpowder Plot or about November 5, you probably know the name, Guy Fawkes. The Dutch revolted and to punish Spain, Philip executed 1,500 Protestants. However, she was fearful of the presence of Spain in the Netherlands, who were busy putting down the Dutch Revolt … Anglo-Spanish War. The Haitian Revolution created the second independent country in the Americas after the United States became independent in 1783. Aims To understand the key causes of the Dutch revolt Evaluate the amount of blame which can be attributed to Philip II 2. Regardless of how old we are, we never stop learning. He also immensely weakened the power of the Nobles and made France the most powerful country of his time, Government agents who collected taxes and administered justice, Louis' minister of finance who believed in the theory of mercantilism and thought France should become self-sufficient, The war in which England, Austria, the Dutch Republic, Portugal, and several German and Italian states rose up together to prevent the union of the French and Spanish thrones. What were the consequences for the emerging power of England? What happened in 1579? It weakened Spain and opened the way for more European ventures in the Americas. CATALONIA, REVOLT OF (1640 – 1652). The Roundheads won and beheaded Charles I. Though Spain never recognized Dutch independence until the end of the Thirty Years War in 1648, the independence of the Netherlands led to the rapid growth of the Dutch Empire. 1570 to 7th March 1573. He used intendants (humbles nobles in judiciary and tax collections) and forces nobles to live at Versailles. Phillip II was a staunch Catholic and began persecuting the Dutch Protestants. 8. A document requiring that a prisoner be brought before a court and judge so that he could either be put to trial or be set free, and whether or not their imprisonment was legal. The Dutch faced the prospect of stiff Portuguese competition in Asia as well. Summary Of Dutch Revolt Causes 1. Second, he hoped to expand the growing power of Spain. 1568: Mary Queen of Scots in England. How did Spain's colony in New Mexico differ from its colonies in New Spain? An accessible introduction to the political, economic, literary, and artistic heritage of the Dutch Republic in the seventeenth century. The people rebelled in 1566 and the Duke of Alva was sent into the country to put down the rebellion. Once in the Netherlands, the Duke of Alba — Ferdinand Á lvarez de Toledo (1508 – 1583) — set about rooting out heresy and, through the Council of Troubles, prosecuting individuals branded as traitors to the Spanish king. Cookie usage. What they saw turned them toward skepticism (the idea that nothing can ever be known for certain). In 1566, a Protestant Dutch revolt broke out against rule by Roman Catholic Spain, sparking the Eighty Years' War. It went through the Caribbean to get there. It weakened Spain and opened the way for more European ventures in the Americas. A declaration of religious tolerance allowing Huguenots to live in France and set up some of their own houses of worship (declared by Henry of Navarre). The people rebelled in 1566 and the Duke of Alva was sent into the country to put down the rebellion. One of the primary causes of the Dutch revolt was Philip II's attempts to suppress Protestantism in the Netherlands. Why did dutch revolt against Spain ? As Professor Phillip Sherlock put it: He was the first monarch to have a public trial and execution. Takes over at 4 years old and becomes an absolute ruler, "I am the state". Philip sent Spanish garrisons to the Netherlands and attempted to enforce edicts against heretics. Between 1800 and 1860, the percentage of the southern workforce engaged in agriculture increased. By 1572 Protestant ideas had spread in the Netherlands and Protestant Dutch rebels began a campaign for independence from Catholic Spain, leading to the Dutch Revolt. Elizabeth secretly supported the Dutch rebels because she knew the Dutch revolt would keep the Spanish too busy to threaten England. The Christian Filipinos were used to fight against the Filipinos were used to fight against the Filipino Muslims (Moros) and the pagan minorities. Colbert believed in the theory of mercantilism. These groups became convinced afrancesados, as members of the pro-French … He was known for excess - every meal a feast, moves capital from Paris to Versailles where he builds the palace of Versailles that causes the country to become bankrupt. Philip raised their taxes and tried to wipe out all of the Protestants while most of the Dutch were Protestant. What were some of the ways Peter tried to westernize Russia? because to be able to trade and get in and out of Russia you needed a warm water port. The independence of the Netherlands was significant in that the fledgling republic soon became a wealthy and powerful empire, rivaling the other nations of Europe. The two major reasons that the Dutch rebelled against Spain were taxes and religion. As the European countries were starting to build their empires, the war between the countries extended to colonies as well. Led by William of Orange, independence was declared in the 1581 Act … Philip II of Spain Duke of Alva Margaret of Parma William of Orange 7. How did Jean Baptiste Colbert intend to stimulate economic growth in France? Calvinism (a Dutch iteration of protestantism) became the preferred belief of those territories, and they soon got restless at the lack of political and religious reforms that would make their leaders reflect their faith. First, the islands came to be used for growing sugar. The value of money decreased, a heavy tax was imposed on lower classes, Spanish people bought foreign goods, enemies became rich, and Netherlands won their independence (1579). This book reveals the lasting impact of the Dutch Revolt on Britain's commercial, religious and political culture. It began with 17 provinces in the Netherlands rising up against the rule by the Spanish royal family, the Habsburgs. The birth of the new state was to no small degree determined by the balance of military power on land and at sea, and this book, illustrated in color throughout, offers insight the military factors at play in the creation of the Dutch ... The Dutch, by contrast, were eager to accept Protestantism and its values of individuality and resistance to authority, as many were economically successful merchants who distrusted monarchs such as Charles V and his son Philip. His name was Guy Fawkes. Already wealthy from the trade their port cities brought in, the Dutch quickly established trading posts across the world -- from South Africa to Asia to South America -- and grew even wealthier by the start of the 17th century. He tried to abolish the monarchy and establish a republic, but it collapsed once he died. 15. With a warm water port more European ideas and technologies came into Russia which modernized them. In what ways did Louis XIV cause suffering to the French People? New Mexico offered little in the way of wealth, so the Spanish were more concerned there with spreading the Catholic religion. What is the significance of England's defeat of the Spanish Armada ? Found inside – Page 29THREE The Historical Context: The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, the Dutch Revolt against Spain, and the Rise of the Absolutist State THE LIFE OF JOHANNES ALTHUSIUS (1557-1638) fell into a period of tremendous transition: The epoch of ... Why was the death of Charles I revolutionary? One of the primary causes of the Dutch revolt was Philip II's attempts to suppress Protestantism in the Netherlands. How did Ivan the Terrible deal with his enemies during his "Bad Period"? Professor Kossman and Dr Mellink gather together the threads of the complicated story and analyse some of the major theoretical problems discussed by sixteenth-century Netherlands the Dutch struggle for independence against Spain. Protestants in the Netherlands began a revolt against Spanish rule in 1572. Elizabeth secretly supported the Dutch rebels because she knew the Dutch revolt would keep the Spanish too busy to threaten England. In 1585, Elizabeth sent an army to help the Dutch rebels fight Spain. For the first time English and Spanish armies were fighting each other. This is a book about how destruction and violence can lead to cultural renewal, and about the transformation of Netherlandish identity on the eve of the Dutch Golden Age. When did Christianity become the official religion of Rome? Discuss the causes of the Dutch revolt against Spain. A conflict between the people loyal to Charles I and the people who wanted him out of power. There was silver, in Mexico and Peru and it had to get shipped to Spain each year. religion, territory and power among European ruling families. For example, by 1576 Spain were in debt and no longer able to finance their campaign against the Dutch rebels. Video Player is loading. Describe how the Dutch made their money. In 1555, Charles abdicated his throne and divided his empire, giving his brother Ferdinand Austria and Germany and his son Philip Spain and the Netherlands. The Dutch Revolt Protestants in the Netherlands began a revolt against Spanish rule in 1572. It weakened Spain and opened the way for more European ventures in the Americas. (Be specific. ) The significance of England's defeat of the Spanish armada was that it ended Spain's domination of the Atlantic. The two major reasons that the Dutch rebelled against Spain were taxes and religion. Laws are written with input from the people limiting the ruler's power in a constitutional monarchy, while in an absolute monarchy the ruler was higher than the law. Britain and Prussia were allies and fought together against Austria, France, Russia, and other countries who were all allies. Found inside – Page 89The concessions that were given in this constitutional document applied to the entire Burgundian Netherlands and reinforced the ... A century later, the rebels would refer more than once to the Privilege in their struggle against Spain. Answer (1 of 2): At look at state finance paints a rather sober picture really. Elizabeth sought to limit Spain's power and secure some of the riches ‘of the american colonies for her subjects.’ The English Queen also supported the Dutch in their revolt against Phillip II. 1569: Revolt of the Northern Earls + Papal Bull. It caused them to turn toward skepticism. The Dutch revolted and to punish Spain, Philip executed 1,500 Protestants. Portugal saw this as an opportunity to gain back the independence that Philip II had taken away from them and his grandson Philip IV had turned into a calvary of excessive taxes. Chronicling these dramatic changes, Thomas More, Shakespeare, Montaigne and Cervantes created works which continue to resonate with us. Christendom Destroyed is a rich tapestry that fosters a deeper understanding of Europe's identity today. The Dutch rebelled and began the 40 year struggle known as the Revolt of the Netherlands. Summary Of Dutch Revolt Causes 1. Russian serfdom was firmly implemented, Russian people knew little about the Renaissance, Russians were Eastern Orthodox. By 1618 – the start of the Thirty Years War – no catholic country saw Spain as a useful ally. The reasons for the revolt were three-fold. Based on the Word Net lexical database for the English Language. CATALONIA, REVOLT OF (1640 – 1652). What is divine right? The significance of England’s defeat of the Spanish armada was that it ended Spain’s domination of the Atlantic. The revolt began in 1566 when radical Dutch Protestants destroyed Catholic churches, leading Philip II to send an army to the Netherlands. Why did peter the Great believe that Russia's future dependent on having a warm-water port? The Twelve Years Truce covers the legal history of a crucial text in the formation of the Republic of the Northern Netherlands as a sovereign power and highlights its significance in the formation of the early modern laws of war and peace. Fearful of the wrath of Catholic powerhouses, France and Spain, Elizabeth did not want to be perceived as Europe’s leading Protestant. Dutch Leadership Economic growth And trading Role of Calvinism Failure of Spanish Leadership Foreign Intervention Money, troops, Mutinies and massacres Other Factors MoP Granvelle Philip Alva Requesens Don John DoP Indirect rather than Direct Turks France England 19. Peter started a newspaper, raised women's status, ordered the nobles to give up traditional dress for more modern clothes, and advanced the education. MAKING INFERENCES How did the lack of a middle class contribute to the decline of Spain’s economy? The Revolt of Catalonia, in which much of what is today eastern Spain revolted against the crown of Philip IV of Spain, was motivated by fiscal, political, and long-standing historical issues. The revolt of the Netherlands, often known as the Dutch Revolt, or the Eighty Years’ War, started in 1568 and was only finally resolved by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. Why did absolute monarchs believe that they were justified in exercising absolute power? ever, as king of Spain but as duke, count, or lord in each of the prov-inces. This book describes the crucial period in the monumental eighty-year Dutch struggle against the Spanish Empire, through which a small nation gained its independence from one of the mightiest European powers. Pieter-Lucas and Aletta find their marriage plans and their love for each other tested when they become caught up in the Dutch revolt against Spain's repression To what extent can Philip II be blamed for the Dutch revolt? How did Cardinal Richelieu strengthen the French monarchy? Why did Caravaggio revolt against idealized depictions of religious figures and instead base his saints and Virgins on everyday people? The Spanish King Phillip II was an ardent Catholic, and he had two primary ambitions. What was the result of the War of the Spanish Succession? Eighty Years’ War, (1568–1648), the war of Netherlands independence from Spain, which led to the separation of the northern and southern Netherlands and to the formation of the United Provinces of the Netherlands (the Dutch Republic). William of Orange saved his own life by escaping to the Nassau estates in Germany. Because they believed their power was God-given A Publication of new research on different aspects of warfare in the age of the Dutch Revolt. An important survey of the state of affairs by Dutch historians, all experts in their field. Russian serfdom was firmly implanted, Russian people knew little of the Renaissance, Russians were Eastern Orthodox. Aatif Rashid writes on international politics and culture. Even though the Low Countries played the key role, militarily and financially, in bringing the long Habsburg war against France to a triumphant close in 1559, it seemed to the Netherlanders that the benefits went to Spain while the burdens were left to them. He had Parliament dissolved because they would not give him money and they tries to overthrow him. Why did Netherlands revolt against Spain? The fruit of a colloquium held in 1994 in the Netherlands, this collection of papers charts the emergence and vicissitudes of the concept of tolerance and its practical implications in the Dutch Republic, from the revolt against Spain in ... Elsewhere in the Americas, all non-native peoples were referred to as Creoles. Impact California Social Studies World History, Culture, & Geography The Modern World, Modern World History Patterns of Interaction, Dahia Ibo Shabaka, Larry S. Krieger, Linda Black, Phillip C. Naylor, Roger B. Beck, Akira Iriye, Laurel Carrington, Mattie P. Collins, Peter Stearns, Rudy J. Martinez, Holt McDougal World History: Ancient Civilizations Through the Renaissance. Explores the encounter between the Netherlands and the New World in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. What were the consequences for the emerging power of England? ∙ 2011-09-13 23:18:31. This study offers an overview of the development and structure of the remarkable public finances of the Dutch Republic. Best Answer. Why did the Dutch revolt against Spain? Elizabeth sent an army to help the Dutch rebels fight Spain. The essays in this volume explore the theories and practices of sovereignty in the context of state-building in the early modern Northern and Southern Low Countries. Why was there conflict between England and Spain? The entirety of colonial trade and ventures brought in around 3 to 4% of tax revenue, another 7 to 8% came from European trade. Religion was a significant factor in the Dutch revolt against Spain. What countries were allies during the Seven Years' War? He fought Muslim Ottoman Empire, sent Armada against Protestant England, fought Protestantism in the Netherlands. He killed many boyars and their families for no real good reason and killed his oldest son leaving the throne to his very weak second son. **Question: Why did absolute monarchs believe that they were justified in exercising absolute power? At the same time, the conflict's ideological, political, and religious issues all ensured that the Dutch Revolt would influence future revolutions in the centuries to come. What strategies did Louis XIV use to control the French nobility? How did the Hapsburg try to become Absolute monarchs? He lead a very strict and puritan government and military. Rebellions soon started to spread shyly through Dutch territory. So wrote the English ambassador to the Dutch Republic, Sir William Temple, in 1673 and Maarten Prak here offers a lively and innovative history of this Dutch 'miracle' in the 17th century. From 1566 to 1585, the Dutch fought a revolt against King Philip II of Spain that eventually resulted in the newly independent nation of the Netherlands. It was the largest engagement of the undeclared Anglo-Spanish War. The Dutch Revolt Mary, Queen of Scots’ arrival in England In 1568 You must also use information of your own The Dutch Revolt Mary, Queen of Scots’ arrival in England in 1568 Explain why most people in England accepted Elizabeth’s religious settlement … A group of advisors or ministers chosen by the head of a country to help make government decisions. The Revolt of the Netherlands had political and economic, as well as confessional, objectives. Because Philip raised taxes and took steps to crush Protestantism. 1) introduced potatoes, which became the staple of the Russian diet. Elizabeth secretly supported the Dutch rebels because she … Why did the Spanish fail to crush the Dutch revolt? His articles have appeared in magazines such as "The Oxonian Globalist" and online at Future Foreign Policy and ThinkPolitic. Why did the Dutch revolt against Spain? The Netherlands was a Spanish possession for nearly a hundred years, beginning in 1556 when its crown passed to the foreign king Philip II of Spain. Under Phillip II, the Spanish government started harsh persecution campaigns against the Dutch. He had his secret police hunt them down and murder them and their families. As a base of operations for their ventures into the Guyanas and in pursuit of profit, the Dutch were not very distracted by gold. The islands were also important because of how rich the mainland of Spanish America was. . They revolted and to punish them Philip executed 1,500 Protestants. ANALYZING CAUSES What role did religion play in the struggle between the Spanish and the Dutch? Pieter-Lucas, messenger for Willem van Oranje, and his wife Aletta seek safety for their young family by fleeing to Leyden as the Dutch revolt against Spain's repression continues As a reaction to this persecution, the Calvinist population rebelled. This iconoclastic fury, as it is known, began in Flanders and soon spread to other parts of the Low Countries. Cardinal Mazarin rules and raises the taxes on protestants and Nobles. The bloodless overthrow of the English king, James II, and his replacement by William and Mary. Not all the Dutch rebels against Spain were Calvinists—they included Lutherans, Anabaptists, and members of smaller radical Protestant sects, such as the Family of Love, as well as Jews and some Roman Catholics. What was the result of the war of the Spanish Succession? Explanation: By Geoffrey Parker, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.Hist.S. Whether this was true or not, Elizabeth retaliated by supporting a Dutch revolt against Spain and funding attacks on Spanish ships. Hence, Christians suffered greatly under the absolute rule of the Catholic Church until the Dutch Revolt Ended. Who was Jan Vermeer? They were battling over territory and to defend/help allies. What is the significance of England's defeat of the Spanish Armada? Found inside – Page 12The leaders of the Netherlands were tolerant , as merchants often are , those of Venice for instance , and cared ... Its revolt against Spanish rule had completely established the domination of the mercantile upper class and did for the ...
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