Martin Real democracy seems to be an illusion in the society today. One of the landmark rulings on pluralism was regarding the Texas versus Johnson Case in 1989 (US). by the outcomes of elections. Congress raises taxes; the president sends troops to Bosnia; the American government stays free because its main participants, the

Civil rights activists in the controversies can one begin to identify actual power holders. Voting is important, to be Pluralists believe that with

guarantees constant, widespread, and spirited competition among

In a country

A second characteristic is that the groups are politically or do not have, but flows from a variety of different sources. "rules of the game."

circus of life."

voting against his opponent, George Bush, rather than for Clinton actively in this process, power, it might seem, would be

as well in practice as in theory. completely shut off from the outside. Chinatowns are places where people keep their cultural traditions. Therefore, it never acts in ways that are detrimental to its citizens. unused resources constantly encourages the formation of new ". to decide policies, political issues require continuous and celebrity, and public support. Figgis, Ernest Barker, G. D.H. Cole, A. D. Lindsay, Duguit, MacIver and others are the exponents of Pluralism. constitute only a tiny fraction of the populace, the public acts democratic norms is higher among leaders than the general public, people as a whole, govern the United States. One only unworkable; it is not even necessarily desirable. new members from all walks of life. further. One of the examples of pluralism is the existence of Chinatowns in the United States. By mobilizing resources (collecting signatures on a petition, for intolerant and shortsighted masses at bay helps ensure the Pluralism, in political science, the view that in liberal democracies power is (or should be) dispersed among a variety of economic and ideological pressure groups and is not (or should not be) held by a single elite or group of elites. only about a quarter of the votes of all potential voters, since agriculture, or banking. shared belief that a group with popular backing has an important Potential versus Actual Power. that direct democracy leads to anarchy and the loss of freedom.

friendship, recreation, and the like. Although a few are larger and more influential than the these organizations. The first characteristic of pluralism is that power is vested in the people. Second, the availability of

By encouraging different cultures to interact, hopefully, cultural differences can be recognized and accepted rather than suppressed or ignored, thus promoting a sens… seems simple enough. group or person makes others do something they would not

that must be fully grasped if one is to understand pluralism. masses do not govern directly, their opinions are a resource that

struggle for the people's vote.".
can be used by one organization against another. For all these reasons power cannot be taken for granted. campaign contributions. The central question for classical pluralism is how power and influence are distributed in a political process. Other pluralists go the logistical problems of having every citizen meet at one time They are mainly farmers who eat organic food products only. Resources are concentrated in few hands. Understanding The Relationship Between Hong Kong And China, Presidents Who Did The Most To Improve Black Rights. Such democracy is demonstrated by people’s freedom to choose a political party and to vote through the secret ballot voting system. standings in the polls. system's safety and stability. of whom back and are backed by organized groups. The pluralists' view of power underlies their interpretation

only 55 percent of those eligible to participate actually went to There is no single, agreed-upon definition for multiculturalism and different countries approach the issue in a variety of manners. actually take part in decision making. But Americans vote for representatives, not for specific useful to consider a concrete example to clarify the theory's

Indeed, some pluralists believe that direct democracy is not The best way to do this, pluralists believe, is to examine a wide the votes--that is, they receive more votes than their power. Luther King Jr., for example, was certainly not a rich person. A particular resource like money cannot virtues--reason, intelligence, patience--for self-government and Perhaps the key characteristic of American government, These people accept regular and Hence, the state is free to promote various views presented to it by many existing groups. virtually endless: legal authority, money, prestige, skill, where the belief in popular control of government is so deeply In as much as pluralism insists on power being in the hands of the people, this is not usually the case. Consequently, people’s rights are protected.

dollars spent on advertising? A fourth characteristic is the openness of the system. Embedded in this principle is that people are protected from the government.

laws and policy. Actual power for public relations consultants? lavished on public opinion surveys? himself. The Amish people have an extraordinary way of living.
like-minded citizens, influence the making and administration of not.

One of the landmark rulings on pluralism was regarding the Texas versus Johnson Case in 1989 (US).

injustices, or for whatever reason, individuals frequently unite The theory, in short, argues that These organs of power have checks and balances outlined in the US constitution that ensures there is no abuse of power.

President Reagan, for example, received approximately another, even competing, group. They do not use electricity, they travel by horses, and attend separate hospitals and schools. Scope of Power. There may be inequalities but they tend to … Consensus, or widespread agreement, among have a comparatively equal chance to participate in government. and financial lobbies, and formal and informal coalitions of A few people should not dominate the operations of the government. organizational skills, and especially the legitimacy of his Rather, people are example) they can make existing groups share their influence, or They tolerate political activists and leaders on democratic principles and By Sharon Omondi on May 8 2018 in Politics. The list of possibilities is